Ngaben adalah upacara pembakaran mayat atau kremasi umat Hindu di Bali, Indonesia. Di dalam Panca Yadnya, upacara ini termasuk dalam Pitra Yadnya, yaitu upacara yang ditujukan untuk roh lelulur. Makna upacara Ngaben pada intinya adalah untuk mengembalikan roh leluhur (orang yang sudah meninggal) ke tempat asalnya. Seorang Pedanda mengatakan manusia memiliki Bayu, Sabda, Idep, dan setelah meninggal Bayu, Sabda, Idep itu dikembalikan ke Brahma, Wisnu, Siwa.
Upacara Ngaben biasanya dilaksanakan oleh keluarga sanak saudara dari orang yang meninggal, sebagai wujud rasa hormat seorang anak terhadap orang tuanya. Dalam sekali upacara ini biasanya menghabiskan dana 15 juta s/d 20 juta rupiah. Upacara ini biasanya dilakukan dengan semarak, tidak ada isak tangis, karena di Bali ada suatu keyakinan bahwa kita tidak boleh menangisi orang yang telah meninggal karena itu dapat menghambat perjalanan sang arwah menuju tempatnya.
Hari pelaksanaan Ngaben ditentukan dengan mencari hari baik yang biasanya ditentukan oleh Pedanda. Beberapa hari sebelum upacara Ngaben dilaksanakan keluarga dibantu oleh masyarakat akan membuat “Bade dan Lembu” yang sangat megah terbuat dari kayu, kertas warna-warni dan bahan lainnya. “Bade dan Lembu” ini merupakan tempat mayat yang akan dilaksanakan Ngaben.
Pagi hari ketika upacara ini dilaksanakan, keluarga dan sanak saudara serta masyarakat akan berkumpul mempersiapkan upacara. Mayat akan dibersihkan atau yang biasa disebut “Nyiramin” oleh masyarakat dan keluarga, “Nyiramin” ini dipimpin oleh orang yang dianggap paling tua didalam masyarakat. Setelah itu mayat akan dipakaikan pakaian adat Bali seperti layaknya orang yang masih hidup. Sebelum acara puncak dilaksanakan, seluruh keluarga akan memberikan penghormatan terakhir dan memberikan doa semoga arwah yang diupacarai memperoleh tempat yang baik. Setelah semuanya siap, maka mayat akan ditempatkan di “Bade” untuk diusung beramai-ramai ke kuburan tempat upacara Ngaben, diiringi dengan “gamelan”, “kidung suci”, dan diikuti seluruh keluarga dan masyarakat, di depan “Bade” terdapat kain putih yang panjang yang bermakna sebagai pembuka jalan sang arwah menuju tempat asalnya.
Di setiap pertigaan atau perempatan maka “Bade” akan diputar sebanyak 3 kali. Sesampainya di kuburan, upacara Ngaben dilaksanakan dengan meletakkan mayat di “Lembu” yang telah disiapkan diawali dengan upacara-upacara lainnya dan doa mantra dari Ida Pedanda, kemudian “Lembu” dibakar sampai menjadi Abu. Abu ini kemudian dibuang ke Laut atau sungai yang dianggap suci.
Setelah upacara ini, keluarga dapat tenang mendoakan leluhur dari tempat suci dan pura masing-masing. Inilah yang menyebabkan ikatan keluarga di Bali sangat kuat, karena mereka selalu ingat dan menghormati lelulur dan juga orang tuanya. Terdapat kepercayaan bahwa roh leluhur yang mengalami reinkarnasi akan kembali dalam lingkaran keluarga lagi, jadi biasanya seorang cucu merupakan reinkarnasi dari orang tuanya.
ENGLISH
Cremation is cremation or cremation of Hindus in Bali , Indonesia. In the Panca Yadnya , the ceremony is included in Pitra Yadnya , the ceremony devoted to ancestor spirits . Cremation ceremony at its core meaning is to restore the ancestral spirits ( deceased person ) to the place of origin . A man has Rauh said Bayu , Word , Eyelash , and after death Bayu , Word , Eyelash was restored to Brahma , Vishnu , Shiva .
Cremation ceremony is usually conducted by family relatives of the deceased , as a form of respect to the parents of a child . In this ceremony once typically spend 15 million s / d 20 million dollars . This ceremony is usually performed with lively , no sobs, because in Bali there is a belief that we should not weep for those who have died because it could hamper the spirits journey toward his place .
The day of the cremation is determined by looking for the good that is usually determined by Rauh . A few days before the cremation ceremony held by the public will help families make " Bade and Ox " a very magnificent made of wood , colored paper and other materials . " Bade and Ox " is where the body is to be carried out Ngaben .
Morning when the ceremony is held , families and relatives and the community will gather to prepare the ceremony . The corpse will be cleaned or commonly called " Nyiramin " by society and family , " Nyiramin " is led by people who considered the oldest in the community . After that the bodies will be dressed in traditional Balinese clothes like people who are still alive . Before the main event held , the whole family will pay their respects and give prayer that the souls who consecrated obtain good place . Once everything is ready , then the corpse will be placed in " Bade " for a rollicking carried to the cemetery where cremation ceremony , accompanied by a " gamelan " , " Bhajan " , and followed by all the family and society , in front of " Bade " there is a white cloth meaningful long as opening the way to the place of origin of the spirits .
At each junction or intersection so " Bade " is played 3 times . Arriving at the cemetery , cremation ceremony performed by placing the corpse in " ox " which has been prepared starting with the other ceremonies and prayer mantra of Ida Rauh , then " Cow " burned to be Abu . Ash is then discharged to the sea or river is considered sacred .
After this ceremony , the family can pray for calm from the ancestral shrines and temples respectively . This can lead to family ties in Bali is very strong , because they always remember and honor the ancestor and also the parents . There is a belief that the ancestral spirits are reincarnated in the family circle will be back again , so usually a grandchild is the reincarnation of his parents .
Cremation ceremony is usually conducted by family relatives of the deceased , as a form of respect to the parents of a child . In this ceremony once typically spend 15 million s / d 20 million dollars . This ceremony is usually performed with lively , no sobs, because in Bali there is a belief that we should not weep for those who have died because it could hamper the spirits journey toward his place .
The day of the cremation is determined by looking for the good that is usually determined by Rauh . A few days before the cremation ceremony held by the public will help families make " Bade and Ox " a very magnificent made of wood , colored paper and other materials . " Bade and Ox " is where the body is to be carried out Ngaben .
Morning when the ceremony is held , families and relatives and the community will gather to prepare the ceremony . The corpse will be cleaned or commonly called " Nyiramin " by society and family , " Nyiramin " is led by people who considered the oldest in the community . After that the bodies will be dressed in traditional Balinese clothes like people who are still alive . Before the main event held , the whole family will pay their respects and give prayer that the souls who consecrated obtain good place . Once everything is ready , then the corpse will be placed in " Bade " for a rollicking carried to the cemetery where cremation ceremony , accompanied by a " gamelan " , " Bhajan " , and followed by all the family and society , in front of " Bade " there is a white cloth meaningful long as opening the way to the place of origin of the spirits .
At each junction or intersection so " Bade " is played 3 times . Arriving at the cemetery , cremation ceremony performed by placing the corpse in " ox " which has been prepared starting with the other ceremonies and prayer mantra of Ida Rauh , then " Cow " burned to be Abu . Ash is then discharged to the sea or river is considered sacred .
After this ceremony , the family can pray for calm from the ancestral shrines and temples respectively . This can lead to family ties in Bali is very strong , because they always remember and honor the ancestor and also the parents . There is a belief that the ancestral spirits are reincarnated in the family circle will be back again , so usually a grandchild is the reincarnation of his parents .
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